Jainism is an eastern religion with origins in the indus river valley dating back to 3000 b. Hinduism, buddhism, jainism, and sikhism essay example. The vedas the vedas, or books of knowledge, are the foremost sacred texts in hinduism. The upanishads are also called as vedantas or the end of the vedas. Indian religions, hinduism, jainism, sikhism, christianity, islam. In jainism like buddhism there is a belief in reincarnation which eventually leads to liberation.
What is the holy book of buddhism and jainism answers. Buddhism vs jainism difference and comparison diffen. The texts containing the teachings of mahavira are called the agamas, and are the canonical literature the scriptures of svetambara jainism mahaviras disciples compiled his. They differ from literary texts by being a compilation or discussion of beliefs, mythologies, ritual practices, commandments or laws, ethical conduct, spiritual aspirations, and for creating or fostering a religious community. The hindu, jain, buddhist and sikh traditions of india. Jainism and hinduism have existed together in the country of the dravidian language tamil in southern india and sri lanka for almost as early as the 2 nd century b. The book shows how buddhism and jainism share the basic concepts of. Difference between jainism and hinduism difference between. The videvat are religious law books laying down codes of conduct and procedures for penance. In later years, there is significant evidence that both buddhism and hinduism were supported by indian rulers, regardless of the rulers own religious identities. However, the puranas are supposed to be complied by muni vyasa.
The puranas are holy books of hinduism that date back to gupta empire in ancient india. Buddhism attained prominence in the indian subcontinent as it was supported by royal courts, but started to decline after the gupta era and virtually. There are a number of scriptures and holy books in hinduism. The torah which is the first five books of the old testament or the pentateuch. Hinduism, buddhism, and jainism flashcards quizlet. There is no conversion in the jain, hindu nor buddhist religions. This book explains some basic jain values, beliefs, and practices through its. The religious texts of the svetambaras mention that liberation is attainable by both. However, to speak generally of buddhism jainism is not very different from us in the nonviolence ethic and so on.
Buddhist, including theravada, mahayana and dali lama titles. Hinduism, buddhism, and jainism study guide by lom44 includes 56 questions covering vocabulary, terms and more. Oct 20, 2011 this page lists some jain festivals and holy days, including the birthday of mahavira and paryushana, which started as a monastic day of reflection. This point is proved by what is said in the following quotes from oldest hindu holy books that jainism existed before vedas were composed. The reference materials for the same are ncert texts. Buddhism, hinduism, confucianism, and jainism religions. Hinduism is a compilation of many traditions and philosophies and is considered by many scholars to be the worlds oldest religion, dating back more than 4,000 years. There is a ceremony of welcoming in buddhism known as the three gems or three jewels, and in both hinduism and buddhism there is the use of the term sharanam meaning to take refuge or shelter in the cosmology, but there is no formal conversion. One the religious, historical, and cultural contexts of jain narratives. Buddhism is a polytheistic religion and its main goal is to gain enlightenment. The agam sutras show great reverence for all forms of life and strict codes of vegetarianism, asceticism, nonviolence, and opposition to war.
Buddhism has no deity, so no deity given book, in fact no holy anything. Buddhist kings continued to revere hindu deities and teachers and many buddhist temples were built under the patronage of hindu rulers. In hinduism you embrace a great diversity of different beliefs, a fact that can be easy confusing to western religions which are accustomed to creeds, confessions, and carefullyworded beliefs of statements. It has been over 2500 years since buddhism emerged as a religion, and the unique holistic spiritual healing it gives has seen it getting popular in many other parts of the world. Along with hinduism and buddhism, jainism is one of the three most ancient. Hinduism and jainism are similar enough that gandhi, for example, was perfectly comfortable with either label. A look on buddhism, taoism, jainism, hinduism save the world. Many jains now worship hindu gods and celebrate hindu festivals.
The relative authority of religious texts develops over time and is derived from the ratification. The religious leaders of jainism are monks and nuns. Jainism and hinduism have many similar characteristic features, including the concepts of samsara, karma and moksha. In hinduism you embrace a great diversity of different beliefs, a. Ahimsa an important concept found in buddhism, hinduism and jainism ahimsa sanskrit.
All sects agree that teaching was first transmitted orally, however, the two main sects of jainism, svetambara and digambara disagree on which scriptures are authoritative, or most important. Is the pali canon tripitaka the holy book of buddha. Though each borrowed from, evolved because of, or came into conflict with each other. Sanskrit verse from shivpuran lord rishabhdev jineshwar first tirthankar the omniscient and the all pervasive incarnated himself on the magnificent kailas ashtapad mountain. The jain literature which was complied by ganadharas and srutkevlis is known as agam literature. Jainism is also a polytheistic religion and its goals are based on nonviolence and liberation the soul. The doctrine of jainism has minor similarities with the nyayavaisheshika and samkhya school.
An introduction will therefore be of interest to anyone interested in the global religious history of humanity, and additionally to anyone striving to construct a morally responsible stance on how humans can learn to live together in all their religious differences. Buddhism is centered upon the life and teachings of gautama buddha, whereas jainism is centered on the life and teachings of mahavira. The book shows how buddhism and jainism share the basic concepts of karma. There are some precepts from taoism, that are similar to buddhism, and from jainism, the view of an arihant, the view of god in jainism, the view of shaivism, a description of rig veda and a link to all the four vedasrigveda, samaveda, yajurveda, atharveda, and other. Quizlet flashcards, activities and games help you improve your grades. Apr 24, 2007 holy book and place of worship of sikhism,jainism, buddhism. Exam 2 hinduism, buddhism, jainism flashcards quizlet. The svetambaras believe that the collection of 32 or 45, the number is disputed agamas holy scriptures are the first and foremost of all holy texts. There is a ceremony of welcoming in buddhism known as the three gems or three jewels, and in both hinduism and buddhism there is the use of the term sharanam meaning to take refuge or shelter in the cosmology, but there is. Hinduism, buddhism and jainism ncert the reference material for this post is ncert history text for class 6 our past 1. Hinduism download books, sacred, spiritual texts and pdf. Translation of the buddhist gospel, the buddhist bible, buddha the word, dhammapada, amitabha, record of fahiens travels to india, ancient chinese and japanese texts on zen, buddhist sutras and many other texts on various schools of buddhism.
The mythology states that the tirthankara taught in a divine preaching. Along with reflections on mindfulness, impermanence, and the end of suffering, bhikkhu nyanasobhano is not afraid to delve into the topics of rebirth, karma, nonvirtue, and the roles. Apr 03, 20 the puranas are holy books of hinduism that date back to gupta empire in ancient india. Some holy books of jainism are agamas, which contain the teachings of mahavira. The holy text of the zoroastrians is the avesta, composed in a language belonging to the early iranaian group of languages and resembling the language of the vedas. Pali is considered the classical language of buddhism, and the documents preserved in pali make up. Unique artwork for posting words of wisdom or decorating your wall, fridge or office. These books, written from around 1200 bce to 100 ce, began with four vedas, or mantras. Hinduism, buddhism, jainism, and sikhism 1904 words. Find all the books, read about the author, and more. In the following pages you will find exceptionally good books on hinduism, buddhism, jainism, sikhism, saivism, tantrism, yoga, upanishads. Jainism religion britannica encyclopedia britannica. Although these three religions have many similarities, there are several differences as well.
Attempts have been made to trace jaina, buddhist and ajivaka influence in cankam. The hindu confrontation with the jaina and the buddhist journal. Hinduism, buddhism, jainism, and sikhism 1904 words bartleby. Jul 27, 2017 this article is focused mostly on buddhist values. The present volume budhism, jainism and women is an attempt to collate information from various sources on different themes so that it could serve as a repository not only to the masses but also to students, researchers, administrators and planners. Any other questions, and i might be able to answer them. Jainism, buddhism, and hinduism, three of the worlds most dynamic and ancient religions developed in india around the same time. The rules made for the buddhist sangha were written down in a book called the vinaya pitaka. Buddhism has taken the impossibility of describing an 11dimensional universe to a 3d mind to heart and does not even make the attempt. They have shared parallel beliefs that have existed side by side, but also pronounced differences. Presently jainism is still very influential in india. The book shows how buddhism and jainism share the basic concepts of karma, rebirth, and liberation with hinduism while giving them their own hue, and how they differ from the hindu tradition in their understanding of the role of the vedas, the caste system, and ritualism in religious life. Smriti literature is considered less authoritative than sruti. Sruti consists of four vedas, upanishads, brahmanas, aranyakas, and bhagavadgita while smriti consists of manu smriti, 18 puranas, ramayana, and mahabharata and other hindu holy books.
Books on hinduism, buddhism, jainism,and spiritualism. The holy book of jainism is a collection of texts known as agam literature or the agam sutras. The terms sacred text and religious text are not necessarily interchangeable in that some religious texts are believed to be sacred because of the belief in some theistic religions such as the abrahamic religions that the text is divinely or supernaturally revealed or divinely inspired, or in nontheistic religions such as some indian religions they are considered to be the central tenets of their eternal dharma. The role and status of women in society can best be understood within the cultural content by the operation of various historical, political. However, they differ over the precise nature and meaning of these concepts. My dear friend his holiness the dali lama is not simply a holy man. However, hinduism is based on the brahmana system and buddhism and jainism are based on the samana system. Many religious texts, in contrast, are simply narratives or discussions. The jaina theosophy, like ancient ajivika, but unlike hindu and buddhist theosophies, asserts that each soul passes through 8,400,000 birthsituations, as they circle through sa. The hebrew scriptures, referred to by christians as the old testament, are called the tanakh, which is the hebrew acronym for the three different parts.
High quality jainism religion inspired greeting cards by independent artists and designers from around the world. The main difference is that catholics and christians in general have a holy book called the bible which was deitygiven. Both the mahavira and the buddha felt that only those who left their homes could gain true knowledge. They arranged for them to stay together in the sangha, an association of those who left their homes. Ekabani, an archer who strikes his target with the first arrow. All orders are custom made and most ship worldwide within 24 hours. Pali is considered the classical language of buddhism, and the documents preserved in pali make up the tipitaka as well as other buddhist. Religious texts are texts related to a religious tradition. Indian religions, hinduism, jainism, sikhism, christianity. The jain, buddhist and hindu worldviews therefore developed similarities and. The buddhas teachings were preserved in the pali canon, which acts as an extensive analytical record written in pali, the buddhas native dialect. The hindu, jain, buddhist and sikh traditions of india library of. They also believe the quality of someones life is based on karma. With that coexistence, these two have some similarities that are also quite noteworthy.
Neither of these religions their religious philosophy around worship. Jains do not believe in a god and that a god is not necessary to power the universe. The former, also called the sutras sanskrit or suttas pali are believed to be, either literally or metaphorically, the actual words of the buddha. Download the bible, the holy quran, the mahabharata and thousands of free pdf ebooks on buddhism, meditation etc. This article on ancient india covers the origin of hinduism, buddhism and jainism. Jainism traditionally known as jain dharma, is an ancient indian. Dharma is central to all the major religious traditions which originated on the indian subcontinent. However, no other indian religion has developed the nonviolence doctrine and its implications on everyday life as has jainism. Hindu religious practices as superstitious and claimed to be more ra tionalistic. The legendary accounts of mahaviras life preserved by the jain scriptures. The twelve sacred books, is the primary base of tamil saivism.
Buddhism and hinduism have common origins in the ganges culture of northern india during the so called second urbanisation around 500 bce. The abhidhamma tradition the atomism of theravada places a huge chasm between theravada and jainism though, as they see the universe. Buddhism and jainism are two ancient indian religions that developed in magadha bihar and. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Holy book and place of worship of sikhism,jainism, buddhism. The daily prayerbook the parsis use everyday is khordeh avesta the smaller avesta. Jan 18, 20 this slideshow is in process so only for private viewing. There is no single scripture as it is in other religions like christianity and islam. Download books, sacred, spiritual texts and pdf ebooks. Hindu website, hinduism, buddhism, jainism, sikhism.
Displaying an unequaled mastery of sanskrit, pali, greek, latin, and medieval german. Buddhist texts refer to the mahavira as nigaha jnataputta. Jains see these texts, which are the transcriptions of lord mahavirs sermons, as sacred documents. Vedas and upanishadas are the most authoritative amongst all hindu scriptures and holy books.
The jain code of conduct is quite similar to that which is found in hindu dharmasashtra, manusmriti and other law books of brahmans. Mar 17, 2004 in buddhism, there are a vast number of buddhist scriptures and religious texts, which are commonly divided into the categories of canonical and noncanonical. These texts are the holy scriptures of the jain religion. It contains the teachings of the sikh gurus as well as verses and hymns composed by hindu and muslim. Mar 20, 2017 the book shows how buddhism and jainism share the basic concepts of karma, rebirth, and liberation with hinduism while giving them their own hue, and how they differ from the hindu tradition in their understanding of the role of the vedas, the caste system, and ritualism in religious life. Only main points from each chapter is compiled below. Buddhism is a religion known for its rich spiritual teachings, beliefs, practices and traditions. In addition, we offer unique and useful information on spiritualism, selfdevelopment, and yoga, and valuable resources such as translations of several ancient hindu, buddhist, jain, sikh, zoroastrian manuscripts and sacred texts, articles on the history of hinduism, buddhism, jainism, sikhism and zoroastrianism, symbolism of gods and goddesses. These texts are glorious tales of the hindu trinity brahma, vishnu and maheshwar shiva. However, in buddhism there is what is known as the three baskets in sanskrit tripitika which consists of the vinayabasket the monastic precepts, regulations, and stories related to the establishment of the sang. Ahimsa in jainism, buddhism and hinduism slideshare. Hinduism, buddhism jainism, and sikhism are all eastern religions with similar philosophical beliefs.
Hinduism, buddhism, and jainism are more than religions, but crosssections of an entire culture and time period. These expanded over time to include brahmanas, aranyakas and upanishads. Hinduism and its jain and buddhist offshoots differ in traditions and culture. For jains, words of lords or jinendra dev are split in four categories of agams 1. He is ekavachani, a king who always keeps his word. This volume focuses on buddhism and jainism, two religions which, together with hinduism, constitute the three pillars of indic religious tradition in its classical.
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